Freight Class
Freight class is a standardized classification system defined by the NMFTA (National Motor Freight Traffic Association) that categorizes LTL freight into 18 classes (50–500) based primarily on density, handling, stowability, and liability.
In Depth
The freight class directly determines LTL pricing — lower classes (denser freight) cost less per pound to ship than higher classes (bulkier, lighter freight). Class 50 is the cheapest; Class 500 is the most expensive.
Density is the primary factor: divide total weight (lbs) by total volume (cubic feet). Most consumer goods fall in Classes 85–125. Raw materials like steel are Class 50.
Usage Example
Example: 'The machine weighed 800 lbs and measured 4 x 4 x 4 ft (64 cuft). Density = 12.5 lbs/cuft — that's freight class 85.'
Related Calculators
Related Terms
LTL (Less Than Truckload)
LTL (Less Than Truckload) is a freight shipping method where multiple shippers share space on the same truck, each paying for only the portion of the trailer they use. LTL is used for shipments too large for parcel carriers but too small to fill a full trailer.
NMFC (National Motor Freight Classification)
The NMFC is a product-classification system maintained by the NMFTA that assigns freight classes to thousands of commodities for use in LTL pricing. It is the industry standard for determining how freight is categorized and rated.
Frequently Asked Questions
How are freight classes determined?
Primarily by density (weight ÷ volume in cubic feet). Higher density = lower class = cheaper rate.
What are all the freight classes?
Classes 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 77.5, 85, 92.5, 100, 110, 125, 150, 175, 200, 250, 300, 400, and 500.