LTL (Less Than Truckload)
LTL (Less Than Truckload) is a freight shipping method where multiple shippers share space on the same truck, each paying for only the portion of the trailer they use. LTL is used for shipments too large for parcel carriers but too small to fill a full trailer.
In Depth
LTL pricing is based on freight class (NMFC), weight, distance, and any applicable accessorials. LTL carriers like XPO, Old Dominion, and FedEx Freight run hub-and-spoke networks where freight is consolidated at terminals before final delivery.
Freight class is critical in LTL — a misclassified shipment can result in freight being reclassified and the carrier charging significantly more than quoted.
Usage Example
Example: 'The pallet of furniture weighed 800 lbs and was Class 100. I booked it as an LTL shipment through an LTL carrier.'
Related Calculators
Related Terms
Freight Class
Freight class is a standardized classification system defined by the NMFTA (National Motor Freight Traffic Association) that categorizes LTL freight into 18 classes (50–500) based primarily on density, handling, stowability, and liability.
FTL (Full Truckload)
FTL (Full Truckload) is a freight shipping method where a single shipper's goods fill an entire trailer. The shipper pays for exclusive use of the truck, and freight moves directly from origin to destination without intermediate stops.
NMFC (National Motor Freight Classification)
The NMFC is a product-classification system maintained by the NMFTA that assigns freight classes to thousands of commodities for use in LTL pricing. It is the industry standard for determining how freight is categorized and rated.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between LTL and FTL?
LTL is for partial loads sharing truck space. FTL (Full Truckload) means you hire the entire truck for your freight.